Social security in Mauritania is a cornerstone of social protection, providing income stability and long-term well-being for workers and their families. Administered through national frameworks, it covers critical life events such as old age, disability, workplace injuries, maternity, and death. Despite its importance, the system faces significant challenges, particularly in extending coverage to the informal sector, which dominates Mauritania’s economy. This blog explores the structure, benefits, contributions, and ongoing efforts to bridge coverage gaps, offering a comprehensive look at the system’s strengths and limitations. Institutional Framework The Caisse Nationale de Sécurité Sociale (CNSS) is the primary institution managing social security in Mauritania, operating under the Labor Code and Law No. 67-039 of 1967, as amended. Established with legal personality and financial autonomy, the CNSS serves private-sector workers, providing pensions, maternity benefits, and workplace protections. Complementary entities, such as the Caisse Nationale d’Assurance Maladie (CNAM) for health insurance and pension schemes...