The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), despite facing numerous economic and political challenges, has established a social security framework designed to protect its workers and their families. This comprehensive system, governed by modern legislation and administered through specialized institutions, represents an important step toward social protection in one of Africa’s largest nations. Understanding the DRC’s social security landscape reveals both the ambitions of the country’s social policy and the practical realities of implementing such systems in a developing economy. Historical Context and Legislative Framework The foundation of the DRC’s current social security system rests on relatively recent legislative reforms. The cornerstone of this framework is Law no. 16/009 of July 15, 2016, which established the comprehensive social security system implemented in 2019. This law replaced and modernized previous regulations, including amendments to the 2002 Labour Code (Law no. 015/2002), creating a more unified approach to social protection. The legislative framework...